Self-determination theory

Definition

Self-determination theory (SDT) is a psychological framework that focuses on the intrinsic motivation of individuals and the role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in fostering personal growth and well-being. This theory emphasizes the importance of satisfying these three basic psychological needs to enhance motivation and engagement in various activities, particularly in learning contexts where individuals are encouraged to take control of their own learning processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Self-determination theory posits that when students feel autonomous in their learning, they are more likely to be intrinsically motivated and engaged.
2. The three basic psychological needs outlined by SDT are autonomy, competence, and relatedness; fulfilling these needs can enhance student motivation and lead to better academic outcomes.
3. Research shows that environments promoting self-determination can lead to increased persistence and effort in learning tasks.
4. SDT suggests that extrinsic rewards can undermine intrinsic motivation if they are perceived as controlling rather than supportive.
5. Teachers can apply self-determination theory by providing choices in assignments, encouraging self-reflection, and fostering a supportive classroom environment.

Review Questions

• How does self-determination theory explain the relationship between autonomy and student engagement in learning?
  • Self-determination theory highlights that when students have autonomy over their learning choices, they tend to feel more invested and engaged in their educational experiences. This sense of control allows them to explore topics of interest at their own pace, fostering intrinsic motivation. When students feel they have a say in their learning process, they are more likely to put forth effort and persist through challenges.
• Discuss how teachers can create an environment that satisfies the basic psychological needs outlined in self-determination theory.
  • Teachers can create a supportive environment by incorporating choice into assignments, allowing students to pursue topics they are passionate about. Encouraging mastery through constructive feedback helps satisfy the need for competence, while promoting collaborative projects or group work fosters relatedness among students. By addressing these needs, teachers can enhance student motivation and engagement based on the principles of self-determination theory.
• Evaluate the implications of self-determination theory for educational practices and policies aimed at enhancing student motivation.
  • The implications of self-determination theory for educational practices suggest that schools should prioritize creating environments where students feel autonomous, competent, and connected with peers. Policies could be developed to emphasize student choice in curriculum design and assessment methods. By fostering these psychological needs, educational systems can cultivate a culture of intrinsic motivation that not only improves academic performance but also promotes lifelong learning and personal development.

Related terms

Intrinsic Motivation: The drive to engage in an activity for its own sake, due to personal interest or enjoyment, rather than for external rewards.

Extrinsic Motivation: The drive to perform an activity to earn rewards or avoid negative consequences, relying on external factors rather than personal satisfaction.

Autonomy:

The ability to make choices and have control over one's own actions, which is a key component in fostering intrinsic motivation.