Self-determination theory

Definition

Self-determination theory (SDT) is a psychological framework that emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation and the role of basic psychological needs in fostering motivation and personal growth. It suggests that individuals are more motivated to engage in activities when they feel autonomous, competent, and connected to others. This theory highlights how fulfilling these needs can lead to enhanced learning and well-being, making it crucial for educational contexts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Self-determination theory identifies three core psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which must be satisfied to enhance intrinsic motivation.
2. Research has shown that when educational environments support these basic psychological needs, students demonstrate higher engagement, improved academic performance, and greater persistence.
3. SDT posits that autonomy-supportive teaching methods, like providing choices and encouraging self-directed learning, can significantly increase student motivation.
4. In contrast, controlling environments that emphasize external rewards or punishments can undermine intrinsic motivation and lead to negative learning outcomes.
5. Self-determination theory has been widely applied in various fields beyond education, including health care, sports psychology, and organizational behavior, illustrating its broad relevance.

Review Questions

• How does self-determination theory explain the role of intrinsic motivation in learning environments?
  • Self-determination theory emphasizes that intrinsic motivation is crucial for effective learning. When students feel that their psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness are met, they are more likely to engage deeply with the material and persist in their studies. This internal drive enhances not only their enjoyment of learning but also their overall performance and success.
• Discuss the implications of self-determination theory for teaching practices aimed at enhancing student motivation.
  • Self-determination theory suggests that educators should create an autonomy-supportive classroom environment to boost student motivation. This can be achieved by allowing students to make choices in their learning, providing constructive feedback that fosters a sense of competence, and promoting collaborative activities that enhance feelings of relatedness. Such practices not only improve student engagement but also contribute to a positive learning atmosphere where students feel valued and empowered.
• Evaluate how self-determination theory can inform strategies for improving student persistence in challenging academic situations.
  • Self-determination theory provides a framework for understanding how fostering basic psychological needs can enhance student persistence. By creating a supportive environment where students feel autonomous in their learning process, competent in their abilities, and connected to their peers or teachers, educators can help students navigate challenges more effectively. Implementing strategies like personalized learning pathways or peer mentoring can sustain motivation during tough times, leading to better long-term academic outcomes.

Related terms

Intrinsic Motivation:

The drive to engage in an activity for its inherent satisfaction rather than for a separable outcome.

Extrinsic Motivation:

The drive to perform an activity to achieve external rewards or avoid negative outcomes.

Basic Psychological Needs: The essential requirements proposed by SDT that include autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are vital for fostering motivation and well-being.