Self-determination theory

Definition

Self-determination theory (SDT) is a psychological framework that emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation and the fulfillment of basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness in fostering optimal human functioning and well-being. This theory posits that individuals are more motivated and engaged in their learning when they feel in control of their choices, believe they can succeed, and have supportive social relationships, which aligns closely with approaches that prioritize student agency and personal growth.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Self-determination theory identifies three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are essential for motivation and personal growth.
2. When learners feel that their choices are respected (autonomy), they are more likely to engage deeply with the material and persist through challenges.
3. SDT has been applied in various educational settings to enhance student engagement, with research showing that environments supportive of these needs lead to better academic outcomes.
4. Relatedness, or the feeling of connection with others, plays a significant role in creating a positive learning environment where students feel safe to express themselves.
5. Educators who incorporate principles of SDT can foster a more motivating classroom atmosphere by promoting choice, encouraging mastery experiences, and building supportive relationships.

Review Questions

• How does self-determination theory explain the relationship between learner autonomy and motivation?
  • Self-determination theory suggests that learner autonomy is crucial for enhancing motivation because it allows students to feel in control of their learning processes. When students have the freedom to make choices about what and how they learn, they are more likely to be intrinsically motivated. This intrinsic motivation leads to deeper engagement with the material and greater persistence in overcoming challenges, as students take ownership of their educational experiences.
• Discuss the implications of self-determination theory for designing learner-centered curriculum models.
  • The implications of self-determination theory for designing learner-centered curriculum models include prioritizing the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Educators can create curricula that empower students by providing choices in topics or methods of learning, ensuring that tasks are appropriately challenging to build competence, and fostering collaborative environments that support social connections. This approach not only enhances motivation but also helps students develop skills necessary for lifelong learning.
• Evaluate how understanding self-determination theory can transform educational practices and enhance student outcomes.
  • Understanding self-determination theory can significantly transform educational practices by shifting the focus from extrinsic rewards to nurturing intrinsic motivation. By recognizing the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in student engagement, educators can create learning environments that respect student choice and foster a sense of belonging. This transformation can lead to improved student outcomes such as higher academic achievement, greater persistence in challenging tasks, and enhanced overall well-being, ultimately preparing students for success beyond the classroom.

Related terms

Intrinsic Motivation:

The drive to engage in an activity for its own sake, deriving satisfaction and enjoyment from the activity itself rather than from external rewards.

Autonomy: The sense of being in control of one's own actions and decisions, crucial for enhancing motivation and engagement in learning.

Competence: The feeling of being capable and effective in one's activities, which is essential for fostering confidence and motivation in learners.