Self-determination theory

Definition

Self-determination theory (SDT) is a psychological framework that focuses on the intrinsic motivation behind human behavior, emphasizing the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in fostering motivation. This theory suggests that when individuals feel self-determined and have their basic psychological needs met, they are more likely to engage in activities for their own sake rather than for external rewards, leading to greater satisfaction and persistence. It connects deeply with understanding how intrinsic and extrinsic motivations impact learning and engagement.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Self-determination theory posits that fulfilling the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness leads to enhanced intrinsic motivation.
2. When students perceive that they have control over their learning process, they are more likely to engage actively and persist in their efforts.
3. Research shows that environments promoting autonomy-supportive practices can lead to higher levels of student engagement and satisfaction.
4. Self-determination theory differentiates between types of extrinsic motivation, such as external regulation and integrated regulation, which can affect motivation quality.
5. Implementing self-determination theory principles in educational settings can enhance student motivation by fostering a sense of ownership over their learning experiences.

Review Questions

• How does self-determination theory explain the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
  • Self-determination theory clarifies that intrinsic motivation arises when individuals engage in activities that fulfill their basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In contrast, extrinsic motivation is driven by external factors like rewards or pressures. The theory emphasizes that while extrinsic motivators can influence behavior, they may not be as effective in fostering long-term engagement compared to nurturing intrinsic motivations that align with personal interests and values.
• Discuss how applying self-determination theory can enhance student engagement and participation in educational settings.
  • Applying self-determination theory in education involves creating an environment where students feel autonomous, competent, and connected with others. For instance, teachers can provide choices in learning activities to promote autonomy and encourage mastery through appropriately challenging tasks. When students feel supported in their intrinsic motivations, they are more likely to actively participate and engage in their learning process, leading to better outcomes.
• Evaluate the implications of self-determination theory on the design of educational interventions aimed at improving student motivation.
  • The implications of self-determination theory on educational interventions highlight the necessity of addressing the psychological needs of students. By designing interventions that enhance autonomy, such as offering choices in assignments or fostering a collaborative classroom environment, educators can effectively improve student motivation. Additionally, understanding the nuances of intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation allows educators to tailor interventions that not only focus on academic performance but also promote overall well-being and lifelong learning habits among students.

Related terms

Intrinsic Motivation:

The drive to engage in an activity for its own inherent satisfaction or enjoyment, rather than for some separable consequence.

Extrinsic Motivation:

The drive to perform an activity to achieve an outcome that is separate from the activity itself, such as rewards or recognition.

Autonomy:

The need to feel in control of one's own behaviors and goals, which is a core component of self-determination theory.