Common Sense

Definition

Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 that advocated for American independence from British rule. It played a crucial role in shaping public opinion by presenting clear arguments against monarchy and the injustices faced by the colonies, ultimately inspiring colonists to take action against British oppression. This influential work helped unify the American colonies and made the idea of independence more accessible to the general public.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'Common Sense' was published in January 1776 and quickly became one of the best-selling works of its time, selling over 500,000 copies within a few months.
2. Paine's writing style was straightforward and persuasive, making complex political concepts accessible to a wide audience, which helped galvanize support for independence.
3. In 'Common Sense', Paine argued that monarchy was an illegitimate form of government and proposed a republic as a better alternative for the colonies.
4. The pamphlet was instrumental in shifting public opinion towards favoring independence, especially after events like the Stamp Act and the Boston Tea Party heightened tensions between the colonies and Britain.
5. Paine's call for unity among the colonies in 'Common Sense' laid the groundwork for the Continental Congress to pursue independence, eventually leading to the Declaration of Independence in July 1776.

Review Questions

• How did 'Common Sense' influence public opinion regarding independence from Britain?
  • 'Common Sense' significantly swayed public opinion by presenting clear and relatable arguments against British rule and monarchy. Thomas Paine's pamphlet simplified complex ideas about government and rights, making them understandable to ordinary colonists. As a result, it inspired many to reconsider their loyalty to Britain and advocate for independence.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of Paine's arguments in 'Common Sense' in relation to events leading up to the American Revolution.
  • 'Common Sense' effectively addressed the frustrations of colonists by connecting their experiences with broader Enlightenment principles. Paine's arguments resonated with those affected by policies like the Stamp Act and Intolerable Acts, reinforcing their grievances. The pamphlet served as both a rallying cry and a philosophical justification for revolution, making it a pivotal work in mobilizing support for independence.
• Assess the long-term impact of 'Common Sense' on American political thought and identity after the Revolution.
  • 'Common Sense' had a lasting impact on American political thought by promoting ideas of democracy, individual rights, and republicanism that would shape future governance. Paine's emphasis on reason and equality contributed to the development of core democratic principles enshrined in the Constitution. Additionally, it fostered a national identity rooted in freedom from tyranny and self-governance, which continues to influence American values today.

Related terms

Thomas Paine:

An English-born American political activist, philosopher, and revolutionary who authored 'Common Sense' and other significant works that promoted Enlightenment ideas and encouraged independence.

Pamphlet: A small booklet or brochure that provides information or arguments about a specific topic, commonly used during the American Revolution to spread ideas quickly among the public.

Enlightenment:

An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, which greatly influenced revolutionary thought.