Common Sense

Definition

Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 that advocated for American independence from British rule. This influential work articulated the case for self-governance and directly challenged the legitimacy of monarchy, urging colonists to break free from British control and establish a democratic republic. The pamphlet resonated with the sentiments of the time, reflecting the growing desire for autonomy and individual rights among the colonies.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Common Sense was published in January 1776 and quickly became a bestseller, selling over 500,000 copies within months, making it one of the most widely read pamphlets in American history.
2. Paine's arguments were straightforward and accessible, using plain language that appealed to a wide audience, helping to sway public opinion towards supporting independence.
3. The pamphlet emphasized the practical consequences of continued British rule, arguing that independence was essential for economic prosperity and social equality.
4. Paine also introduced the idea of republicanism as a desirable form of government, presenting a vision where citizens had a direct role in shaping their governance rather than being ruled by a distant monarch.
5. Common Sense played a pivotal role in galvanizing support for the Revolutionary War, influencing members of the Second Continental Congress and laying the groundwork for the Declaration of Independence.

Review Questions

• How did 'Common Sense' influence public opinion regarding independence from Britain?
  • 'Common Sense' had a profound impact on public sentiment by presenting clear and compelling arguments for independence in a way that was accessible to everyday colonists. Paine's straightforward style demystified complex political ideas, making them relatable and understandable. By challenging the legitimacy of British monarchy and advocating for self-governance, he inspired many colonists to reconsider their allegiance to Britain and support the movement towards independence.
• Discuss the relationship between Enlightenment ideas and the arguments presented in 'Common Sense.'
  • 'Common Sense' was heavily influenced by Enlightenment principles such as individual rights, social contracts, and democratic governance. Paine incorporated these ideas by arguing against hereditary rule and emphasizing that governments should be formed based on the consent of the governed. His pamphlet reflected Enlightenment thought by promoting reason as the basis for political authority and advocating for a system that prioritizes liberty and equality.
• Evaluate the long-term significance of 'Common Sense' on both American society and revolutionary movements worldwide.
  • 'Common Sense' significantly shaped not only American society but also inspired revolutionary movements around the globe. Its clear advocacy for democracy over monarchy resonated with oppressed populations seeking autonomy and self-determination. The ideas expressed in Paine's pamphlet laid the foundation for democratic principles that would influence other nations in their quests for independence, showcasing how effective communication of revolutionary ideas can drive societal change across different contexts.

Related terms

Thomas Paine:

An English-American political activist and philosopher known for his persuasive writings that inspired American independence, particularly through 'Common Sense' and 'The Crisis.'

Social Contract:

A political theory suggesting that individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to surrender some freedoms in exchange for the protection of their remaining rights by a governing body.

Monarchy: A form of government in which a single person, the monarch, rules as head of state, often inheriting their position through family lineage and holding significant power.