Retinoids

Definition

Retinoids are a class of chemical compounds derived from vitamin A that are used to regulate epithelial cell growth. They are commonly used in the treatment of various dermatologic disorders, including psoriasis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Retinoids function by modulating gene expression and influencing cellular differentiation and proliferation.
2. There are three generations of retinoids: first-generation (e.g., tretinoin), second-generation (e.g., acitretin), and third-generation (e.g., tazarotene).
3. Topical retinoids can cause skin irritation, redness, and peeling, while systemic retinoids may lead to side effects like dry skin, hyperlipidemia, and teratogenicity.
4. Retinoids are contraindicated in pregnant women due to their teratogenic effects.
5. They are often used in combination with other therapies such as corticosteroids or phototherapy for enhanced efficacy.

Review Questions

• What is the mechanism of action for retinoids in treating dermatologic disorders?
• Name one potential side effect of both topical and systemic retinoids.
• Why are retinoids contraindicated during pregnancy?

Related terms

Tretinoin:

A first-generation topical retinoid used primarily for acne treatment.

Acitretin:

A second-generation oral retinoid commonly used for severe psoriasis.

Tazarotene:

A third-generation topical retinoid used for psoriasis and acne.