Naltrexone

Definition

Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist used to treat opioid use disorder by blocking the euphoric and sedative effects of opioids. It is also used to treat alcohol dependence by reducing cravings and relapse rates.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Naltrexone can be administered orally or via an extended-release injectable form.
2. It works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, preventing opioids from exerting their effects.
3. Patients must be opioid-free for 7-10 days before starting naltrexone to avoid precipitated withdrawal.
4. Common side effects include nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue.
5. Naltrexone is not a controlled substance and does not have addictive properties.

Review Questions

• What are the two primary uses of naltrexone in treating substance use disorders?
• Why must patients be opioid-free for a period before starting naltrexone?
• Name two common side effects of naltrexone.

Related terms

Methadone:

A long-acting opioid agonist used to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings in opioid use disorder.

Buprenorphine:

A partial opioid agonist that helps to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings in individuals with opioid use disorder.

Naloxone:

An opioid antagonist used for the emergency treatment of known or suspected opioid overdose.