Iodine

Definition

Iodine is a trace mineral essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and development. It is crucial for neurological and endocrine health.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter and hypothyroidism.
2. Adequate iodine intake is particularly important during pregnancy for fetal brain development.
3. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) of iodine for adults is 150 micrograms.
4. Iodine is found in high concentrations in seafood, dairy products, and iodized salt.
5. Excessive iodine intake can also disrupt thyroid function and lead to hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of iodine in the body?
• Why is iodine critical during pregnancy?
• What are the potential health impacts of both iodine deficiency and excess?

Related terms

Thyroid Hormones: Hormones produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism, energy generation, and growth.

Goiter:

An abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland often caused by iodine deficiency.

Hypothyroidism:

A condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, often due to insufficient iodine.