Hypothyroidism

Definition

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. This leads to a slower metabolism and can affect various bodily functions, including energy levels and nutrient absorption.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hypothyroidism can lead to weight gain and fatigue due to a slowed metabolism.
2. It often requires lifelong management with thyroid hormone replacement therapy, such as levothyroxine.
3. Common symptoms include cold intolerance, constipation, dry skin, and hair loss.
4. Nutritional considerations include adequate intake of iodine, selenium, and zinc for thyroid health.
5. Hypothyroidism can be diagnosed through blood tests measuring TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) and free T4 levels.

Review Questions

• What are some common symptoms of hypothyroidism?
• Why is iodine intake important for individuals with hypothyroidism?
• How is hypothyroidism typically diagnosed and managed?

Related terms

Hyperthyroidism:

A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, leading to an accelerated metabolism.

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: An autoimmune disorder that is a common cause of hypothyroidism.

Goiter:

An enlargement of the thyroid gland which can occur in both hypo- and hyperthyroid conditions.