Mary Shelley

Definition

Mary Shelley was an English novelist best known for her groundbreaking work 'Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus,' published in 1818. She is often regarded as one of the pioneers of science fiction and Gothic literature, using elements of classical myths to explore themes of creation, hubris, and the consequences of defying natural boundaries. Her works reflect a blend of Romantic ideals and philosophical inquiries, marking her significance in 19th-century literature.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Mary Shelley was born on August 30, 1797, to renowned thinkers William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft, which influenced her intellectual development and literary pursuits.
2. She wrote 'Frankenstein' when she was just 18 years old during a summer spent with Lord Byron and other writers in Switzerland, inspired by discussions on science and life.
3. 'Frankenstein' incorporates classical mythological elements, particularly the Prometheus myth, symbolizing the dangers of overreaching ambition and the quest for knowledge.
4. Shelley's works often reflect her personal experiences with loss, including the deaths of her children and her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley, adding depth to her exploration of existential themes.
5. Mary Shelley's influence extended beyond literature; she played a key role in shaping discussions around gender roles and women's rights through her writings and life experiences.

Review Questions

• How does Mary Shelley's use of classical myths in 'Frankenstein' contribute to its themes of creation and responsibility?
  • Mary Shelley’s 'Frankenstein' heavily draws from the Prometheus myth, where the titular character seeks to create life through science. This act of creation parallels Prometheus’s defiance against the gods, highlighting the moral implications of playing God. The consequences faced by Victor Frankenstein for his ambition reflect the idea that with great power comes great responsibility, emphasizing the dangers of unchecked human curiosity.
• Discuss how Mary Shelley’s background influenced her literary themes and characters in her novels.
  • Mary Shelley's upbringing in a household filled with intellectual discourse shaped her literary output significantly. Being the daughter of prominent philosophers encouraged her to explore complex themes such as existentialism, morality, and gender roles. Her experiences with tragedy deeply influenced her characters’ emotional depth and struggles with identity, reflecting both personal grief and broader societal issues.
• Evaluate the impact of Mary Shelley’s work on the evolution of Gothic literature and its relevance today.
  • Mary Shelley’s 'Frankenstein' set a precedent for modern Gothic literature by merging elements of horror with philosophical inquiry about humanity and science. Her exploration of themes such as isolation, monstrosity, and ethical boundaries continues to resonate today, especially in discussions surrounding technology's impact on society. Shelley's innovative approach has paved the way for contemporary works that challenge moral questions in an increasingly complex world.

Related terms

Frankenstein:

'Frankenstein' is Mary Shelley's most famous novel that tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who creates a sentient being through unorthodox scientific experiments, raising questions about ethics and responsibility.

Gothic Literature: A genre characterized by elements of horror, the supernatural, and dark romanticism, often exploring themes of isolation and the human psyche, prevalent in Shelley's works.

Romanticism:

An artistic and intellectual movement that emphasized emotion, nature, and individualism as reactions against industrialization and rationalism, significantly influencing Shelley's writing style.