Thermophiles

Definition

Thermophiles are microorganisms that thrive at relatively high temperatures, typically between 45 and 80 degrees Celsius. They are often found in environments such as hot springs, hydrothermal vents, and compost heaps.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thermophiles have enzymes that are highly stable and active at elevated temperatures.
2. They play a crucial role in recycling nutrients by breaking down organic matter in hot environments.
3. Many thermophiles belong to the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
4. Their cellular membranes contain special lipids that maintain stability and functionality at high temperatures.
5. Thermophiles are used in industrial applications, such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) due to their heat-resistant DNA polymerases.

Review Questions

• What temperature range do thermophiles typically thrive in?
• Why are thermophilic enzymes important for industrial applications?
• Name two environments where thermophiles can commonly be found.

Related terms

Psychrophiles:

Microorganisms that thrive at very low temperatures, typically below 15 degrees Celsius.

Mesophiles:

Microorganisms that grow best in moderate temperature conditions, usually between 20 and 45 degrees Celsius.

Hyperthermophiles:

Microorganisms that thrive at extremely high temperatures, often above 80 degrees Celsius.