Prokaryote

Definition

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles. They include bacteria and archaea.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Prokaryotic cells have a simpler structure compared to eukaryotic cells, with no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
2. Their genetic material is located in a nucleoid region, which is not enclosed by a membrane.
3. Prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission, a form of asexual reproduction.
4. They can inhabit extreme environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes.
5. The cell walls of prokaryotes are often composed of peptidoglycan (in bacteria) or pseudopeptidoglycan (in archaea).

Review Questions

• What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
• How do prokaryotes reproduce?
• What types of environments can prokaryotes inhabit?

Related terms

Eukaryote: Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

Binary Fission:

A form of asexual reproduction in which an organism divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.

Peptidoglycan:

A polymer that makes up the cell wall of most bacteria, providing structural support.