Esophagus

Definition

The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the throat (pharynx) to the stomach, facilitating the movement of swallowed food and liquids. It plays a crucial role in the initial stages of digestion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The esophagus contains an upper and lower esophageal sphincter that regulate the passage of food.
2. Peristalsis is the wave-like muscle contractions that move food down the esophagus.
3. Normal microbiota in the esophagus are limited compared to other parts of the digestive system due to its acidic environment.
4. Esophageal infections are less common but can occur, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
5. Common pathogens that can infect the esophagus include Candida albicans, Herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus.

Review Questions

• What function do the upper and lower esophageal sphincters serve?
• How does peristalsis aid in digestion within the esophagus?
• Why is normal microbiota limited in the esophagus compared to other parts of the digestive system?

Related terms

Pharynx:

The pharynx is part of both respiratory and digestive systems where swallowing begins.

Peristalsis:

A series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

Candida albicans:

A type of fungus that can cause infections in various parts of the body, including the esophagus.