An endospore is a tough, dormant, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria to ensure survival in harsh conditions. It is highly resistant to extreme temperatures, desiccation, chemicals, and radiation.
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Endospores are primarily formed by the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.
The process of endospore formation is called sporulation.
Endospores can remain viable for long periods, even thousands of years.
They are highly resistant to common disinfection methods and require specific treatments like autoclaving for effective destruction.
Endospores have a thick protective coat that contributes to their resistance.