Autoclaving

Definition

Autoclaving is a sterilization method that uses high-pressure saturated steam at 121°C for typically 15-20 minutes to eliminate all forms of microbial life, including spores. It is commonly used in laboratories and medical settings to sterilize equipment and media.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Autoclaving achieves sterilization by using steam under pressure, which penetrates materials more effectively than dry heat.
2. The standard autoclaving conditions are 121°C at 15 psi for 15-20 minutes.
3. It is effective against all types of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.
4. Materials that can be autoclaved include glassware, surgical instruments, and certain plastics; however, some items like heat-sensitive materials cannot be autoclaved.
5. Biological indicators containing spores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus are often used to verify the effectiveness of autoclaving.

Review Questions

• What are the standard temperature and pressure conditions used in autoclaving?
• Why is autoclaving considered more effective than dry heat sterilization?
• What type of biological indicator is commonly used to test the efficacy of an autoclave?

Related terms

Sterilization:

The process of eliminating all forms of microbial life from an object or surface.

Pasteurization:

A process that uses mild heat to reduce the number of viable pathogens in foods and beverages without compromising their quality.

Disinfection:

The process of eliminating or reducing harmful microorganisms from inanimate objects and surfaces.