Desiccation

Definition

Desiccation is the process of removing water from microorganisms, leading to their inhibition or death. It is a physical method used to control microbial growth by depriving cells of the moisture necessary for metabolic processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Desiccation effectively inhibits the growth of most bacteria and fungi because they require moisture to thrive.
2. Endospores and some viruses are more resistant to desiccation compared to vegetative bacterial cells.
3. Lyophilization, also known as freeze-drying, combines freezing and desiccation for long-term preservation of microbial cultures.
4. Desiccation is commonly employed in food preservation techniques such as drying fruits and meats.
5. Microorganisms can sometimes recover from desiccation if rehydrated under favorable conditions.

Review Questions

• How does desiccation inhibit microbial growth?
• Which types of microorganisms are more resistant to desiccation?
• What is lyophilization and how does it relate to desiccation?

Related terms

Lyophilization:

A method that combines freezing and drying for the preservation of microorganisms.

Osmotic Pressure:

The pressure exerted by solutes in solution which can affect microbial activity.

Sterilization:

A process that destroys all forms of microbial life, including spores and viruses.