key term - Protestant Reformation

Definition

The Protestant Reformation was a religious movement initiated by Martin Luther in 16th-century Europe that sought to reform Christianity. It challenged various teachings and practices of the Catholic Church, leading to the establishment of new Christian denominations.

Related terms

Martin Luther:

He was a German theologian and key figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, which criticized the sale of indulgences, sparked widespread debate and led to the formation of new Christian denominations.

John Calvin: A French theologian who played a significant role in shaping Protestantism. His teachings emphasized predestination and the idea that salvation is granted by God's grace alone.

Counter-Reformation:

This term refers to the Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation, aiming to address some of the criticisms raised by reformers and reaffirm its authority.