The Counter-Reformation was a period in the 16th century when the Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation by implementing reforms and reaffirming its doctrines.
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Council of Trent: A series of meetings held by the Catholic Church between 1545 and 1563 to discuss and implement reforms in response to the Protestant Reformation.
Jesuits: Members of the Society of Jesus, an order founded during the Counter-Reformation with a mission to spread Catholicism through education and missionary work.
Roman Inquisition: Established in 1542, it was a system used by the Catholic Church to combat heresy and enforce religious orthodoxy during the Counter-Reformation.