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🍕principles of food science review

key term - Vitamin C

Citation:

Definition

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for various biological functions, including the synthesis of collagen, neurotransmitters, and the metabolism of proteins. This vitamin acts as a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from damage by free radicals and is important for maintaining healthy skin, blood vessels, and immune function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Vitamin C is found in high concentrations in fruits and vegetables, particularly citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits, as well as in bell peppers, strawberries, and broccoli.
  2. The human body cannot synthesize Vitamin C, making it essential to obtain through diet or supplements.
  3. Adequate intake of Vitamin C is crucial for immune system support and helps the body absorb iron from plant-based foods.
  4. Cooking can reduce the Vitamin C content in foods; therefore, consuming raw fruits and vegetables may provide higher amounts of this vitamin.
  5. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for adults is 75 mg for women and 90 mg for men; however, higher doses are often considered safe and can provide additional health benefits.

Review Questions

  • How does Vitamin C contribute to the synthesis of collagen in the body?
    • Vitamin C plays a critical role in collagen synthesis by acting as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues. This process is essential for stabilizing the collagen triple helix structure, which provides strength and elasticity to connective tissues. Without adequate Vitamin C, collagen formation is impaired, leading to weakened tissues and potential health issues.
  • Evaluate the impact of Vitamin C deficiency on overall health, specifically relating to its role as an antioxidant.
    • Vitamin C deficiency can significantly impact overall health due to its important role as an antioxidant. Insufficient levels can lead to increased oxidative stress in the body, resulting in cellular damage and contributing to various chronic diseases. Additionally, a lack of Vitamin C may weaken the immune system's ability to fight infections and can result in symptoms such as fatigue and joint pain associated with scurvy.
  • Assess the potential benefits and risks of taking high-dose Vitamin C supplements beyond the recommended daily allowance.
    • Taking high-dose Vitamin C supplements can offer potential benefits such as enhanced immune function, reduced severity of colds, and improved skin health due to its antioxidant properties. However, there are risks associated with excessive intake, including gastrointestinal disturbances like diarrhea and increased risk of kidney stones. It's essential to balance these benefits against the risks and consult healthcare professionals when considering high doses of Vitamin C.

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