Second Wave Feminism

Definition

Second Wave Feminism refers to a period of feminist activism that began in the early 1960s and continued into the 1980s, focusing on issues of equality and discrimination in various spheres of life. It expanded the conversation beyond the legal issues of first-wave feminism, incorporating social, cultural, and reproductive rights. This movement emphasized reclaiming the female body, advocating for women's autonomy over their own bodies, challenging traditional gender roles, and addressing sexual liberation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Second Wave Feminism brought attention to issues such as workplace discrimination, sexual violence, reproductive rights, and sexual liberation.
2. The movement was influenced by various social movements of the time, including the Civil Rights Movement and the anti-war movement, leading to a broader understanding of intersectionality.
3. Key publications like Betty Friedan's 'The Feminine Mystique' played a pivotal role in shaping public discourse about women's dissatisfaction with traditional roles.
4. Activists within this wave emphasized the importance of consciousness-raising groups as a means for women to share experiences and organize for change.
5. Art and literature became powerful tools during this era, with many women artists and writers using their work to address themes of identity, body politics, and societal expectations.

Review Questions

• How did Second Wave Feminism differ from First Wave Feminism in terms of its goals and focus?
  • Second Wave Feminism expanded the scope of women's rights from primarily legal issues concerning suffrage and property rights addressed by First Wave Feminism. While First Wave activists fought for basic legal equality, Second Wave feminists focused on broader issues such as workplace discrimination, sexual autonomy, reproductive rights, and challenging societal norms regarding gender roles. This shift allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of women's oppression across different spheres of life.
• What role did art and literature play in Second Wave Feminism's efforts to reclaim the female body?
  • Art and literature were essential components of Second Wave Feminism as they provided a platform for women to express their experiences and challenge societal expectations about femininity. Female artists and writers used their mediums to explore themes related to identity, body politics, and sexuality, effectively highlighting issues such as objectification and sexual liberation. This artistic expression was crucial in raising awareness about women's experiences and contributing to the broader feminist discourse during this period.
• Evaluate the impact of Second Wave Feminism on contemporary feminist movements and how it shaped current discussions about women's rights.
  • Second Wave Feminism had a profound impact on contemporary feminist movements by laying the groundwork for ongoing discussions about gender equality, sexual rights, and reproductive health. The emphasis on reclaiming the female body has influenced modern feminist dialogues surrounding body positivity, consent, and intersectionality. Moreover, the achievements of Second Wave activists helped institutionalize women's rights within legal frameworks, ensuring that issues such as workplace equality and reproductive choice remain central to current feminist advocacy. This legacy continues to resonate today as activists build upon earlier victories while addressing new challenges faced by women globally.

Related terms

Reproductive Rights: The rights of individuals to decide whether to reproduce and have control over their reproductive health, including access to contraception and abortion.

Women’s Liberation Movement: A social movement that emerged in the late 1960s advocating for women’s rights and equality in various sectors, including work, education, and personal relationships.

Patriarchy: A social system in which men hold primary power, dominating roles in political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.