Tetany

Definition

Tetany is a condition characterized by involuntary muscle cramps and spasms, often due to low calcium levels in the blood. It can be exacerbated by certain medications or underlying medical conditions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tetany is commonly caused by hypocalcemia, which can be influenced by the use of antacids containing aluminum or magnesium.
2. Antacids can bind phosphate in the gut, leading to decreased calcium absorption and potentially causing tetany.
3. Symptoms of tetany include tingling sensations, muscle cramps, and spasms, particularly in the hands and feet.
4. Patients with chronic kidney disease are at higher risk of developing tetany due to impaired calcium and phosphate metabolism.
5. Treatment for tetany involves addressing the underlying cause, such as supplementing calcium or adjusting medications that impact calcium levels.

Review Questions

• What role do antacids play in the development of tetany?
• List three common symptoms of tetany.
• Why might patients with chronic kidney disease be more susceptible to tetany?

Related terms

Hypocalcemia:

A condition characterized by low levels of calcium in the blood.

Phosphate binders: Medications used to reduce phosphate absorption in patients with kidney disease.

Hyperparathyroidism:

A condition where parathyroid glands produce too much hormone, affecting calcium balance.