Pyelonephritis

Definition

Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects one or both kidneys. It often results from bacteria spreading from the bladder to the kidneys.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pyelonephritis can cause symptoms such as fever, flank pain, and nausea.
2. Common causative agents include E. coli and other Gram-negative bacteria.
3. Untreated pyelonephritis can lead to complications like kidney scarring and sepsis.
4. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through urine cultures and imaging tests like ultrasounds or CT scans.
5. Treatment usually involves antibiotics, with the choice depending on the severity of the infection and bacterial resistance patterns.

Review Questions

• What are the common symptoms associated with pyelonephritis?
• Which types of bacteria are most commonly responsible for causing pyelonephritis?
• What are some potential complications of untreated pyelonephritis?

Related terms

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): An infection in any part of the urinary system, including kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Cystitis: A condition where there is inflammation of the bladder, commonly due to infection.

Sepsis:

A life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to an infection causes injury to its tissues and organs.