The menstrual cycle is a monthly series of changes in the female reproductive system, involving hormonal fluctuations that prepare the body for potential pregnancy. It includes the phases of menstruation, follicular development, ovulation, and the luteal phase.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
The average length of a menstrual cycle is 28 days but can range from 21 to 35 days.
Hormones like estrogen and progesterone play crucial roles in regulating the menstrual cycle.
Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle, when an egg is released from the ovary.
Menstruation marks the beginning of a new cycle and involves shedding of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur.
Pharmacological agents such as oral contraceptives can be used to regulate or alter the menstrual cycle.
Review Questions
What are the main hormones involved in regulating the menstrual cycle?
On which day of a typical 28-day cycle does ovulation usually occur?
How do oral contraceptives affect the menstrual cycle?
A hormone that regulates various functions in the female reproductive system including development of secondary sexual characteristics and regulation of the menstrual cycle.