Macrophages

Definition

Macrophages are white blood cells within tissues that play a crucial role in the immune system by engulfing and digesting cellular debris, foreign substances, and pathogens. They also stimulate other immune cells by presenting antigens to T cells.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Macrophages are derived from monocytes, a type of white blood cell in the bloodstream.
2. They play a significant role in the inflammatory response associated with multiple sclerosis (MS).
3. Macrophages can release pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to the demyelination seen in MS.
4. They are involved in both the innate and adaptive immune responses.
5. In the context of MS, macrophages can be found within active lesions where they participate in myelin degradation.

Review Questions

• What role do macrophages play in the immune system?
• How do macrophages contribute to the pathology of multiple sclerosis?
• From which type of white blood cell are macrophages derived?

Related terms

Monocytes: A type of white blood cell that differentiates into macrophages and dendritic cells.

Cytokines:

Small proteins released by cells that have a specific effect on interactions and communications between cells.

Demyelination:

The process of losing the myelin sheath insulating nerve fibers, often seen in multiple sclerosis.