Cones

Definition

Cones are photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision. They function best in bright light conditions and are essential for visual acuity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. There are three types of cones, each sensitive to different wavelengths corresponding to red, green, and blue light.
2. Cones are densely packed in the fovea centralis, the area of the retina that provides the sharpest vision.
3. The functioning of cones is crucial for tasks requiring detailed vision such as reading and driving.
4. Cone cells contain photopigments like iodopsin which react to specific wavelengths of light.
5. Defects or deficiencies in cone cells can lead to color blindness or other visual impairments.

Review Questions

• What role do cones play in the human eye?
• How do the three types of cone cells differ from each other?
• Why are cones more effective in bright light compared to dim light?

Related terms

Rods:

Photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for vision in low light conditions.

Fovea Centralis: A small depression in the retina where visual acuity is highest due to a high concentration of cone cells.

Color Blindness: A condition where one or more types of cone cells are absent or not functioning properly, leading to difficulty distinguishing certain colors.