Active transport

Definition

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy, typically in the form of ATP. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Active transport requires energy input, usually from ATP.
2. It moves substances against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration.
3. Transport proteins such as pumps are involved in active transport.
4. The sodium-potassium pump is a classic example of active transport in cells.
5. Active transport is crucial for regulating intracellular concentrations of ions and nutrients.

Review Questions

• What type of energy is commonly used in active transport?
• How does active transport differ from passive transport?
• Name a specific example of a pump involved in active transport.

Related terms

Passive Transport: Movement of molecules across cell membranes without energy input.

Sodium-Potassium Pump: A protein that uses ATP to exchange sodium ions out of and potassium ions into the cell.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): The primary energy carrier in living organisms.