Vitamin K

Definition

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone health. It exists in two main forms: K1 (phylloquinone) found in plants, and K2 (menaquinone) produced by bacteria in the human gut.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vitamin K is crucial for the synthesis of proteins required for blood coagulation.
2. A deficiency in vitamin K can lead to increased bleeding and bruising.
3. Newborns are often given a vitamin K injection to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
4. Vitamin K plays a role in maintaining bone density by aiding the binding of calcium to bones.
5. Green leafy vegetables like spinach and kale are rich dietary sources of vitamin K.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of vitamin K in the body?
• Why is vitamin K important for newborns, and how is it administered?
• Which food sources are high in vitamin K?

Related terms

Phylloquinone:

The form of vitamin K found primarily in green leafy vegetables.

Menaquinone: The form of vitamin K produced by gut bacteria.

Coagulation Factors: Proteins in the blood that work with vitamin K to help control bleeding.