Urinalysis

Definition

Urinalysis is a diagnostic test that examines the content and characteristics of urine. It helps assess kidney function and can detect various metabolic and systemic diseases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. A urinalysis can reveal signs of kidney disease by detecting proteinuria, which indicates protein leakage into the urine.
2. The presence of glucose in urine detected through urinalysis can indicate uncontrolled diabetes.
3. Urinalysis includes tests for specific gravity, which measures urine concentration and hydration status.
4. Microscopic examination in urinalysis can identify red and white blood cells, helping diagnose infections or hematuria.
5. Routine urinalysis often includes a dipstick test to quickly screen for pH levels, ketones, bilirubin, and other substances.

Review Questions

• What does the presence of protein in a urinalysis indicate about renal health?
• How can urinalysis help in diagnosing diabetes?
• What are some key components measured during a routine urinalysis?

Related terms

Proteinuria:

The presence of excess proteins in the urine, often indicative of kidney damage.

Specific Gravity: A measure of urine concentration that reflects hydration status.

Hematuria: The presence of blood in the urine, typically indicating urinary tract issues or renal problems.