Sucrose

Definition

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. It is commonly known as table sugar and is widely used in various foods and beverages.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sucrose is metabolized into glucose and fructose in the small intestine by the enzyme sucrase.
2. Excessive consumption of sucrose can contribute to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
3. Sucrose has a glycemic index of around 65, which means it moderately affects blood sugar levels.
4. Natural sources of sucrose include sugar cane, sugar beets, fruits, and vegetables.
5. In patients with endocrine disorders like diabetes, monitoring sucrose intake is crucial for maintaining blood glucose control.

Review Questions

• What are the two monosaccharides that make up sucrose?
• How does excessive consumption of sucrose affect chronic endocrine illnesses?
• Why is it important for diabetic patients to monitor their sucrose intake?

Related terms

glucose: A simple sugar that serves as a primary energy source for the body's cells.

fructose:

A simple sugar found in many plants; it combines with glucose to form sucrose.

glycemic index:

A measure of how quickly foods containing carbohydrates raise blood glucose levels.