Myocardial infarction

Definition

Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked for long enough to cause damage or death to the heart muscle. This blockage is usually caused by a buildup of fat, cholesterol, and other substances forming a plaque in the coronary arteries.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. A diet high in saturated fats and cholesterol can increase the risk of myocardial infarction.
2. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and sweating.
3. Immediate treatment often involves medications like aspirin and procedures such as angioplasty.
4. Long-term management includes lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and omega-3 fatty acids.
5. Chronic conditions like hypertension and diabetes exacerbate the risk of myocardial infarction.

Review Questions

• What dietary factors increase the risk of myocardial infarction?
• Name three common symptoms of myocardial infarction.
• What types of dietary changes are recommended for long-term management after experiencing myocardial infarction?

Related terms

Angioplasty: A medical procedure used to open up blocked coronary arteries.

Hypertension:

A condition characterized by consistently high blood pressure that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids:

Essential fats found in fish oils that have been shown to support heart health by reducing inflammation and lowering blood triglyceride levels.