Micronutrient deficiency

Definition

Micronutrient deficiency occurs when the body lacks essential vitamins and minerals required for optimal physiological function. It can lead to significant health issues, particularly affecting neurological, hematologic, and pulmonary systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Common micronutrients deficient in populations include iron, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, and zinc.
2. Neurological health can be severely impacted by deficiencies in vitamins such as B12 and folate, leading to cognitive impairments and neuropathies.
3. Iron deficiency is a major cause of anemia, which impairs oxygen transport and affects overall hematologic wellness.
4. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to compromised pulmonary function and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections.
5. Nurses must assess for signs of micronutrient deficiencies through dietary history and clinical symptoms to provide appropriate interventions.

Review Questions

• What are the potential neurological impacts of vitamin B12 deficiency?
• How does iron deficiency affect the hematological system?
• What role does vitamin D play in pulmonary wellness?

Related terms

Anemia:

A condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, often caused by iron deficiency.

Cognitive Impairment: A decline in memory and thinking skills due to various factors including micronutrient deficiencies.

Respiratory Infections:

Infections that affect the respiratory system; their severity can be influenced by nutritional status including micronutrient levels.