Lactobacillus

Definition

Lactobacillus is a genus of bacteria that are a significant component of the human gut microbiota. They play an essential role in maintaining gastrointestinal health by producing lactic acid and inhibiting harmful bacteria growth.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lactobacillus helps in the fermentation of lactose, aiding in the digestion process.
2. These bacteria produce lactic acid, which lowers the pH of the gut environment, making it inhospitable for many pathogenic organisms.
3. They are commonly found in fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut.
4. Lactobacillus species are often used as probiotics to support gut health and improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
5. A healthy balance of Lactobacillus can enhance immune function by stimulating the production of antibodies.

Review Questions

• How does Lactobacillus contribute to maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal environment?
• In what types of foods are Lactobacillus bacteria commonly found?
• What role do Lactobacillus species play in supporting immune function?

Related terms

Probiotics:

Live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed, often by improving or restoring gut flora.

Gut Microbiota:

The complex community of microorganisms living in the digestive tracts of humans and other animals.

Fermentation: A metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes, often used by Lactobacillus to convert sugars into lactic acid.