Lactobacillus

Definition

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria known for their role in fermenting sugars into lactic acid. They are commonly found in the human gut, mouth, and urogenital tract, playing a crucial role in maintaining health.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lactobacillus species are key players in the fermentation process, converting sugars into lactic acid.
2. They are Gram-positive bacteria, which means they have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls.
3. These bacteria are essential for maintaining the acidic pH of the vagina, thereby preventing infections.
4. Lactobacillus can inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms by producing bacteriocins and other antimicrobial substances.
5. They are an important part of the normal microbiota of the human gut and contribute to digestive health.

Review Questions

• What role does Lactobacillus play in fermentation?
• How does Lactobacillus help maintain vaginal health?
• Why is Lactobacillus considered Gram-positive?

Related terms

Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan layer and retain the crystal violet stain used in Gram staining.

Fermentation:

A metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen.

Microbiota:

The community of microorganisms that inhabit a particular environment, such as the human body.