Hypokalemia

Definition

Hypokalemia is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood. It can affect muscle function and nervous system operations, leading to various health complications.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, cramping, and fatigue due to its impact on muscle cells.
2. Cardiac arrhythmias are a serious complication of hypokalemia, making it critical in cardiovascular health.
3. Common causes include poor dietary intake, excessive loss through urine or sweat, and certain medications such as diuretics.
4. Neurological symptoms may include confusion, irritability, and even paralysis in severe cases.
5. Treatment often involves potassium supplements and addressing the underlying cause to restore normal levels.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms associated with hypokalemia?
• How does hypokalemia impact cardiovascular health?
• What are common causes of hypokalemia?

Related terms

Hyperkalemia:

A condition characterized by elevated levels of potassium in the blood which can also affect heart function.

Electrolyte Imbalance: A condition where the levels of electrolytes in the body are either too high or too low.

Diuretic: A type of medication that increases the amount of urine produced by the body, often used to treat hypertension but can lead to electrolyte imbalances like hypokalemia.