Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Definition

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism. It results in the underproduction of thyroid hormones, affecting various metabolic processes in the body.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas.
2. Symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and depression.
3. Dietary considerations for managing Hashimoto’s include selenium and iodine intake, as well as avoiding goitrogens.
4. It is diagnosed through blood tests measuring TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) and antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO).
5. Treatment typically involves lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy using levothyroxine.

Review Questions

• What are common symptoms associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
• How is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis diagnosed?
• What dietary considerations should be taken into account for someone with Hashimoto’s?

Related terms

Hypothyroidism:

A condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones.

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO-Ab): Antibodies directed against an enzyme in the thyroid gland, often elevated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Goitrogens:

Substances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones by interfering with iodine uptake in the thyroid gland.