Erythropoietin

Definition

Erythropoietin is a hormone produced primarily by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Erythropoietin production is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood.
2. Chronic kidney disease can lead to reduced erythropoietin production, causing anemia.
3. Adequate nutrition, including iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid, is essential for erythropoiesis (red blood cell formation).
4. Synthetic erythropoietin is used clinically to treat anemia, especially in patients with chronic renal failure.
5. Erythropoietin levels may be measured to diagnose and monitor certain medical conditions such as polycythemia or anemia.

Review Questions

• What triggers the production of erythropoietin in the body?
• How does chronic kidney disease affect erythropoietin levels and red blood cell production?
• Why are iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid important for the function of erythropoietin?

Related terms

Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.

Anemia:

A condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to fatigue and other symptoms.

Renal Failure: A medical condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively.