Central nervous system (CNS)

Definition

The central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for processing and sending out information throughout the body to maintain various bodily functions, including neurological health.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proper nutrition supports neurotransmitter synthesis, which is crucial for CNS functioning.
2. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for maintaining neuronal membrane integrity in the CNS.
3. Antioxidants from fruits and vegetables can protect the CNS from oxidative stress.
4. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to neurological issues due to its role in myelin sheath formation.
5. Glucose is the primary energy source for the brain; inadequate glucose levels can impair cognitive function.

Review Questions

• How do omega-3 fatty acids benefit the central nervous system?
• Why is vitamin B12 important for neurological health?
• What role do antioxidants play in maintaining CNS function?

Related terms

Neurotransmitters:

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses between neurons.

Myelin Sheath: A protective covering around nerve fibers that enhances signal transmission.

Oxidative Stress:

An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, leading to cellular damage.