Central nervous system (CNS)

Definition

The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body. It plays a crucial role in controlling most bodily functions including movements, sensations, and thoughts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The CNS is protected by the meninges, three layers of protective tissue.
2. Infections of the CNS can lead to severe conditions such as meningitis and encephalitis.
3. The blood-brain barrier helps protect the CNS from harmful substances but also makes it difficult for medications to reach the brain.
4. Microbial infections in the CNS often require prompt diagnosis and treatment due to the potential for serious complications.
5. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is a key diagnostic tool for detecting infections in the CNS.

Review Questions

• What are two primary components of the central nervous system?
• How does the blood-brain barrier impact treatment of CNS infections?
• What diagnostic method is commonly used to identify infections in the CNS?

Related terms

meninges:

Three layers of protective tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord.

blood-brain barrier:

A selective barrier that protects the brain from toxins and pathogens while allowing essential nutrients to pass through.

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF):

A clear fluid found in the brain and spinal cord that provides cushioning, removes waste, and supplies nutrients.