Aldosterone

Definition

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the blood. It plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure and fluid balance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.
2. It is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which helps regulate blood pressure.
3. High levels of aldosterone can lead to hypertension and hypokalemia (low potassium levels).
4. Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by increased plasma angiotensin II, hyperkalemia, and ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone).
5. Chronic kidney disease can disrupt normal aldosterone regulation, contributing to fluid imbalance and hypertension.

Review Questions

• What role does aldosterone play in kidney function?
• How does aldosterone affect sodium and potassium levels in the body?
• What conditions can result from abnormal levels of aldosterone?

Related terms

Renin:

An enzyme released by the kidneys that initiates the RAAS pathway.

Angiotensin II: A peptide hormone that constricts blood vessels and stimulates aldosterone release.

Adrenal Glands:

Small glands located on top of each kidney responsible for producing hormones like cortisol and aldosterone.