Aldosterone

Definition

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. It plays a crucial role in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the blood, thereby controlling blood pressure and fluid balance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aldosterone is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) that regulates blood pressure.
2. It promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.
3. Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by low blood pressure, low sodium levels, and high potassium levels.
4. Hyperaldosteronism can lead to hypertension, while hypoaldosteronism can result in low blood pressure and high potassium levels.
5. Its action is counterbalanced by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which reduces blood volume.

Review Questions

• What triggers the release of aldosterone?
• How does aldosterone affect kidney function?
• What are the consequences of hyperaldosteronism?

Related terms

Cortisol:

A steroid hormone also produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates metabolism and stress response.

Renin: An enzyme secreted by the kidneys that initiates the RAAS pathway to regulate blood pressure.

Angiotensin II: A peptide hormone that constricts blood vessels and stimulates aldosterone release to increase blood pressure.