Rifampin

Definition

Rifampin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections, including tuberculosis and certain types of meningitis. It inhibits RNA synthesis by binding to the bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rifampin is a first-line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis.
2. It works by inhibiting the bacterial RNA polymerase, thus preventing transcription of bacterial genes.
3. Rifampin can induce liver enzymes, affecting the metabolism of other drugs.
4. Resistance to rifampin can occur through mutations in the rpoB gene encoding the beta subunit of RNA polymerase.
5. It is often used in combination with other antibiotics to prevent the development of drug resistance.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for rifampin?
• Why is rifampin often combined with other antibiotics in treatment regimens?
• Which gene mutation is commonly associated with rifampin resistance?

Related terms

Tuberculosis:

A serious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs.

RNA Polymerase:

An enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.

Drug Resistance:

The reduction in effectiveness of a medication such as an antimicrobial or antineoplastic in curing a disease or condition.