The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. It connects the central nervous system (CNS) to limbs and organs.
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The PNS is divided into the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
The PNS is responsible for transmitting sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands from the CNS to muscles.
Peripheral nerves can be affected by infections, such as those caused by viruses like herpes simplex or bacteria like Borrelia burgdorferi.
Guillain-Barré syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that targets the PNS, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.
The blood-nerve barrier in the PNS helps protect nerves from pathogens but can also be compromised during infections.
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Related terms
Central Nervous System (CNS): Comprises the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information.
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): A part of the PNS that controls involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate and digestion.
Somatic Nervous System (SNS): A part of the PNS that controls voluntary movements by innervating skeletal muscles.