Lipases

Definition

Lipases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of fats into glycerol and free fatty acids. They play a crucial role in the metabolism of lipids within microbial cells.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lipases are essential for lipid catabolism, breaking down triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol.
2. They are produced by various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea.
3. Lipase activity is often regulated by environmental factors such as pH and temperature.
4. In addition to their metabolic functions, lipases are used industrially in processes like biodiesel production and food processing.
5. Lipase genes can be transferred between species through horizontal gene transfer, which can enhance microbial adaptability.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of lipases in microbial metabolism?
• Name two types of microorganisms that produce lipases.
• How do environmental factors affect lipase activity?

Related terms

Triglycerides:

A type of fat found in blood that is broken down by lipases during lipid metabolism.

Glycerol:

A simple polyol compound released when triglycerides are hydrolyzed by lipases.

Free Fatty Acids: Molecules released during the breakdown of triglycerides by lipases, used as an energy source.