Hyperkalemia

Definition

Hyperkalemia is a condition characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood. It can disrupt normal cellular and muscular functions, including those of the heart.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hyperkalemia can be a result of autoimmune disorders affecting kidney function, leading to impaired potassium excretion.
2. Symptoms of hyperkalemia include muscle weakness, fatigue, and cardiac arrhythmias, which can be life-threatening if untreated.
3. Autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis can indirectly cause hyperkalemia through renal involvement.
4. Diagnosis of hyperkalemia often involves blood tests showing potassium levels above 5.0 mEq/L and ECG changes indicating potential cardiac complications.
5. Treatment for hyperkalemia may involve medications like diuretics or agents that bind potassium in the gut, alongside addressing underlying autoimmune conditions.

Review Questions

• What are the common symptoms associated with hyperkalemia?
• How can autoimmune disorders lead to the development of hyperkalemia?
• What are typical treatments used to manage hyperkalemia in patients with autoimmune diseases?

Related terms

Autoimmune Disorders:

Diseases where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.

Renal Failure: A condition where kidneys lose their ability to remove waste and balance fluids.

Electrolyte Imbalance: Abnormal levels of electrolytes in the body, which can affect bodily functions.