Glycoprotein

Definition

Glycoproteins are proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain. They play crucial roles in cell-cell recognition, immune response, and signaling.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Glycoproteins are essential for cell membrane stability and function.
2. They can be found on the surface of cells, where they act as receptors and antigens.
3. The carbohydrate portion of glycoproteins is usually added in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
4. Glycoproteins are involved in processes like blood clotting and immune system functioning.
5. Examples include antibodies (immunoglobulins) and hormones like erythropoietin.

Review Questions

• What role do glycoproteins play in the immune system?
• Where in the cell are carbohydrate groups typically added to proteins?
• Can you name an example of a glycoprotein and its function?

Related terms

Polypeptide:

A polymer of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Endoplasmic Reticulum:

An organelle where protein folding and processing occur.

Antigen:

A molecule capable of inducing an immune response.