A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or set of proteins. Genes are the basic physical and functional units of heredity.
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Genes are composed of DNA sequences that can be transcribed into RNA.
Each gene occupies a specific locus on a chromosome.
Mutations in genes can lead to changes in protein function, which can affect an organism's traits or cause diseases.
Genes can be regulated by various mechanisms to ensure proper expression at the right times and in the right cells.
In prokaryotes, genes are often organized into operons, allowing coordinated regulation of related genes.