key term - Gene

Definition

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein, which plays a critical role in determining the traits and functioning of an organism. Genes are fundamental units of heredity and are located on chromosomes within the cell nucleus.

Related terms

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.

Protein Synthesis:

Protein synthesis is the process by which cells use instructions from genes to build proteins, crucial for cell structure and function.

Chromosome:

A chromosome is a long, continuous thread of DNA that contains numerous genes and regulatory information necessary for gene expression and proper cellular function.