Epithelial cells

Definition

Epithelial cells are a type of cell that line the surfaces of your body, including skin, blood vessels, organs, and cavities. They form a protective barrier and play a crucial role in innate nonspecific host defenses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Epithelial cells act as a physical barrier to prevent pathogens from entering the body.
2. These cells are tightly packed together to minimize spaces where pathogens could penetrate.
3. Epithelial cells secrete mucus which traps microbes and other particles.
4. They often have cilia that help in moving mucus and trapped particles out of the body.
5. Epithelial cells can produce antimicrobial peptides that directly kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of epithelial cells in innate nonspecific host defenses?
• How do epithelial cells contribute to the removal of pathogens from the body?
• What substances do epithelial cells secrete to trap or kill microorganisms?

Related terms

Mucus:

A viscous fluid secreted by epithelial tissues that traps particles and microbes.

Cilia:

Hair-like structures on certain epithelial cells that move mucus and trapped particles away from sensitive areas.

Antimicrobial Peptides:

Small proteins produced by epithelial cells that kill or inhibit microbial growth.