Epilepsy

Definition

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It can be influenced by various factors, including infections and infestations.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fungal infections like cryptococcosis can lead to seizures and are a known cause of secondary epilepsy.
2. Parasitic diseases such as neurocysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium larvae, are significant contributors to epilepsy in endemic regions.
3. Toxoplasma gondii infection has been linked to an increased risk of epilepsy due to its impact on brain tissue.
4. Diagnosis of epilepsy often involves EEG tests to detect abnormal brain activity patterns indicative of seizures.
5. Treatment for epilepsy may include antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), which help manage seizure frequency and intensity.

Review Questions

• Which fungal infection is commonly associated with secondary epilepsy?
• How does neurocysticercosis contribute to the development of epilepsy?
• What role does Toxoplasma gondii play in increasing the risk of epilepsy?

Related terms

Neurocysticercosis:

A parasitic infection caused by Taenia solium larvae affecting the central nervous system.

Cryptococcosis:

A fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans that can affect the brain and lead to meningitis or seizures.

Toxoplasmosis:

An infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii that can result in severe neurological complications, including seizures.